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Someone in the theater party, probably Mary Moak Mead
herself, carried $1,000 ($34,000 today) in promissory notes,
issuer not identified. Checks were becoming more
common in the early 1900s but women in America did not
have the right to open a bank account until the 1960s.
Several female Iroquois victims carried large sums of cash
on their person.
On December 30, 1903, two pairs of sisters went to an
afternoon live theater matinee in
Chicago. It was an extravagant
production of the Mr. Bluebeard
fairytale by
syndicate Kings, Klaw & Erlanger,
performed at the city's newest
playhouse, the Iroquois Theater. All
four lost their lives in the fire that
claimed nearly six hundred victims
and became America's worst theater
disaster.
Orlena Moak Lake and her sister,
Mary Moak Mead, both in their sixties,
were two of nine children born to Reuben
Moak and Mary Taylor Moak of Oaks
Hollow/Sharon, New York (see below).
Their nieces, sisters Anna and Lena Moak
of Watertown, Wisconsin,* were the only
children of another of Reuben and Mary's
nine children, Edwin Moak.
In Chicago, 1903
In 1903 three of Polly's girls and one of her granddaughters
lived at Orlena and Alfred's home in Chicago, at 278 Belden
St, and another granddaughter was visiting over the
Christmas holidays. In 1900, Orlena and Alfred's
home had been occupied by ten people--a servant, six
boarders, Mary Mead and themselves. It is not known
how many boarders there were in 1903, but with Anna
and Clarissa living there, there may have been fewer
non-family boarders. The six Belden Street family
occupants were:
Iroquois fatality Orlena A. Moak Lake (b.1841) was Polly's youngest daughter, age
sixty-two. Orlena sometimes went by "Lana"or "Lena."
Husband, Alfred Lake (1838–). Alfred was an English immigrant who
worked as a bookkeeper.
Clarissa "Clara" Moak Hurd (1832–1911), nicknamed Clara, was the oldest of
Polly's girls. Clara was the widow of Theodore Hurd (1824–1899), a respected judge in
Leavenworth, Kansas.
Iroquois fatality Mary E. Moak Mead (b.1836) was Polly's
sixty-year-old middle daughter. Mary was the widow of Charles Mead
(1835–1895), a dry goods merchant.
Iroquois fatality Anna Moak (b.1875) was the twenty-eight-year-old daughter
of Polly's youngest son, Edwin Moak (1846–) and Ella Cushman Moak (1845–1914).
Anna worked as a legal stenographer while living in Watertown,
Wisconsin and may have worked in that capacity after moving to Chicago.
Iroquois fatality Orlena J. Moak (b. 1872) was Anna
Moak's sister,
nicknamed Lena, age thirty-one. Named after her aunt Orlena, Lena
was a first-grade teacher in Watertown,
Wisconsin, where she lived with her widowed
mother, Ella Cushman Moak, and Ella's widowed
stepfather, Thomas Martin. She was visiting from
Watertown, Wisconsin over the 1903 holiday.
Reuban and Mary Moak
Reuben Moak's hotel and mercantile, located five
miles east of Sharon, NY, was located in Moak's
Hollow. Reuben was a local man, born in Sharon in
1799. His wife, Mary Moak, the former Mary Taylor,
nicknamed "Polly" (1807–1900), gave birth to their
nine children in and around Sharon, Summit, and
Norwich, New York, an area southeast of Syracuse.
Polly and her children
Polly had passed at age ninety-three, outliving
three of her children.† One son had settled in
Minneapolis, but most were in Watertown, Wisconsin,
and Leavenworth, Kansas. The nine Moak children
produced only nine grandchildren, but Polly probably
felt proud of her children. One daughter had married
a judge, another a postmaster, and a third
the owner of a dry
goods store.
Funerals and Interment
Mary Mead's body was identified by Clarence G. Mead
1874–1963, nephew of her late husband. She and Orlena's funeral was held on Sunday morning, Jan 8,
1904. They were buried in Graceland Cemetery in
Chicago. A separate funeral was held in Watertown
for Anna and Lena. They were interred in the Oak
Hill Cemetery there.
In the years after the fire
In 1909 a $750 settlement was awarded from Fuller
Construction, builder of the Iroquois Theater, for
Orlena Moak Lake. The thirty-five Fuller settlements
were the only victim compensation for the Iroquois
Theater disaster.
Clara Hurd moved to Leavenworth, Kansas to live with
her daughter.
Discrepancies and addendum
The known and unknown
Despite much effort, I've been unable to find a
familial connection to another Mead Iroquois
fatality — eleven-year-old Lucille Mead. I was also
unable to find a connection between Orlena's
husband, Alfred Lake, and an Iroquois survivor named
Ada B. Lake.
Orlena's husband, Alfred Lake, spoke to a reporter
after the fire, reportedly saying, "Yesterday a
happy group of five; today a broken-hearted and lone
old man. Mother, daughter and nieces at one blow."
Alfred's reference to a group of five presumably
included Clara, suggesting that she was in the
theater party but survived.
I've spent much time trying and failing to
determine which of the four victims was a mother. I
found no evidence that any of the women had
children. Clarissa Moak Hurd had a grown daughter,
Clara May Hurd, but Clarissa lived until 1911. Anna
and Lena's mother, Ella Cushman Moak, lived until
1914.
* Another Iroquois Theater fire victim from
Watertown was Bertha
Burke in the Garn/Wolff party. The odds seem
remote that two of 600 victims came from one town
with a population of around 8,000 two hours distant.
† Surviving of the nine Moak offspring in 1903 was a brother in
Wisconsin, another in Minnesota and, in Chicago,
widowed sister, Clarissa Moak Hurd, as well as
Orlena's husband, Alfred Lake. In Wisconsin was Anna
and Lena's widowed mother, Ella Cushman Moak.
Ada Folke and Lucile Mead
Calumet High School
teacher Lucy Sill
Edward M. Teall insurance
meddler
Other discussions you might find interesting
Story 2823
A note about sourcing. When this
project began, I failed to anticipate the day might come when a
more scholarly approach would be called for. When my
mistake was recognized I faced a decision: go back and spend years creating source lists for every page, or go
forward and try to cover more of the people and circumstances
involved in the disaster. Were I twenty years younger, I'd
have gone back, but in recognition that this project will end when I do, I chose to go forward.
These pages will provide enough information, it is hoped, to
provide subsequent researchers with additional information.
I would like to
hear from you if you have additional info about an Iroquois victim, or find an error,
and you're invited to visit the
comments page to share stories and observations about the Iroquois Theater fire.