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A middle-aged grandfather took his young teenage granddaughter to an afternoon matinee during
the Christmas holiday. It was a fairytale pageant with hundreds of
performers in elaborate costumes and aerial ballet dancers. The
audience was filled with children and teachers, whole families of
parents, cousins, aunts, uncles, and grandparents, enjoying the fun
of showing off new Christmas apparel and looking forward to New Year
gatherings.
It was December 30, 1903 in Chicago. The pageant was Mr. Bluebeard, a
Klaw and Erlanger production, and the playhouse, Chicago's
newest, was the Iroquois Theater on Randolph St.
The grandfather was fifty-nine-year-old William Martin Ford (c1842-1910), and his
granddaughter was Marjory Ford Ludlow (1890-1978). Both William and
Marjorie would escape from the fire that took nearly six hundred lives
that day. Marjorie's survival was attributed to her grandfather
carrying her unconscious body from the theater.*
Upon learning of her escape, Marjorie's stepfather, Alabama-born physician
Richard Mason Fletcher Jr. (1869-1912), immediately volunteered his
services in the rescue effort. From the experience, he concluded an
emergency hospital was needed in the Loop and a year later opened
the Chicago Emergency Hospital. It was located at 309 Fifth street
in a former hotel, a six-story, 45-room brick structure staffed by
six physicians, including Fletcher. (More about the hospital below.)
Marjorie
Ludlow was the only child of Anna Lititia Ford (1870-1946) and the late
Andrew Watson Ludlow (1860-1899) of East Orange, NJ. Her mother remarried
ten months before the Iroquois Theater fire, to Richard Fletcher (the
hospital founder described above), a second-generation physician and
graduate of the University of Alabama.‡
Anna Ford Ludlow Fletcher had grown up in Rochester, NY. Her parents were
English immigrant, William Martin Ford, the grandfather who saved Marjorie
at the Iroquois, and Letitia Stout Ford (1846-1919).
In the years after the fire
When the emergency hospital was two years old, in February, 1907, Richard
Fletcher proposed to the Chicago city council that the city take over
ownership of the hospital. He called attention to the 6,000 patients treated
since its inception as evidence of the need for such an albeit unprofitable
facility in the Loop, and offered to turn it over to the city for the
original cost. He was willing to remain or retire at the city's wishes.†
Nothing was published as to the council's response to Fletcher but a
shortage of funds was evidenced by a benefit given nine months later to
raise operating monies for the facility. Volunteer performers from a half
dozen Chicago theaters assembled for a matinee at the Illinois Theater.
There was a good turnout but nothing was reported as to the funds raised and
six months later Fletcher filed for bankruptcy with $22,523 in liabilities
and $250 in assets.
Note to Fletcher's ghost: Thanks for trying, dude. RIP.
The Fletchers left Chicago soon after Richard's
bankruptcy and relocated to Huntsville, Alabama
where Richard took over his late father's medical
practice. Like his father, he also worked as a
county health officer. According to the 1910 U.S.
Census, Anna and Marjorie lived in Huntsville then
too but may have been traveling. See footnotes.
After Richard's death in 1912, Anna and Marjorie
reportedly moved briefly to Washington DC, traveled
in the tropics then returned to Chicago.§
In 1913 Marjorie married
London native Charles Timson,
manager of U.S. operations for William Cooper & Nephews.
The pair would have three children. They spent most
of their lives in Deerfield, Illinois, a village
twenty-five miles northwest of Chicago, on a
luxurious fifty-acre estate.
In 1955, the Timson's
donated the first thirty acres of land near
Ashville, North Carolina to the Episcopal church for
development of the
Deerfield retirement community, named after the Timson's
hometown in Illinois. Another hundred acres have
been added over the years but Timson Hall still
stands. Charles and Marjorie spent their last years
there and are buried in a nearby cemetery.
Grandpa William Ford died
in Birmingham, Alabama in 1910. His wife Letitia
maintained a residence in Chicago until her death
two years later so it seems likely he was in
Birmingham visiting the Fletchers. A year prior to
his death, in December, 1909, his company filed for
bankruptcy in Chicago, despite optimism twelve
months prior.
The gravestone of Richard Matthew
Fletcher Sr. is inscribed with an incorrect death
year. As the obituaries in 1905 newspapers reflect,
he died in 1905, not 1906. Most probably the stone
was redone sometime after his death, perhaps at the
death of his wife in 1910, and the engraver or
relative who provided info to the engraver, erred.
Were it the engraver, it would likely have been
corrected so possibly an error on paperwork was
not discovered by one of the many Fletcher
children. Daughter Octavia is a good prospect.
In 1964 she wrote a biography about her father that
also cited the wrong year of death . Ordinarily, a tombstone
inscription or daughter's recollection is
reliable but it is unlikely his obituary was printed
a year prematurely in two newspapers.
Discrepancies and addendum
* 1903 newspapers inaccurately reported William's age as seventy and
his middle initial as C rather than M. Nothing was
reported as to where the pair were seated in the
Iroquois so the difficulty of their escape is not
known. I failed to learn anything about Marjorie's
body size, but even a small teenage girl would have
weighed around a hundred pounds. Her mother, as an
adult, was 5'5". Either the story of their escape
from the Iroquois was exaggerated, grandpa was very
fit or his adrenalin surge was extraordinary.
Various birth years were reported for William in
official documents, sometimes 1842 and on his death
certification 1845.
† The Illinois Theater Fire
Memorial Association considered funding Fletcher's
facility, but some of the association's early
financial leaders had lost enthusiasm for building a
hospital. Interest was later rekindled and the
association established a hospital on Market St.
‡ Richard's father,
Richard Matthew Fletcher Sr, was a noted Huntsville,
Alabama physician, civil war surgeon and interesting
character. (See his obituary and notation at right.)
§ On April 6, 1913, it was
announced that Marjorie Ford Ludlow was engaged,
wedding date not yet known. 'Turned out to be two
months later, on June 4, 1913. The engagement notice
included the tidbit that she had spent the better
part of her life in Paris. That may have come as
news to her high school friends and newspapers who
covered her pre-deb social activities in Chicago
1906-1909. I looked for evidence of a European tour
1910-1913 in immigration records but found no record
of Marjorie traveling outside the country prior to
1913. Her mother applied for a passport in 1900 and
Marjorie traveled after marriage but if she left the
country prior to 1913, I didn't find evidence of it.
Not wanting to jump to conclusions, I checked social
notices for news of pre-1913 travels and found a
May, 1912 newspaper blurb reporting that Anna and
Marjorie had just returned to Chicago after a
two-year world tour and would soon be headed for
their summer home in Marblehead. No mention of
Huntsville, Alabama where lived husband Richard
Fletcher and where Anna's father was visiting and
dying in December 1910, in the middle of that
two-year tour. No evidence either of the family in
Marblehead. Even for an eighteen year old, two years
is not "the better part of a life" but Anna and
Marjorie may have gotten away with a very spotty
story. Majorie certainly snared a better husband
than did the heroine in James Cameron's Titanic when
her mother set about selling her for a slice of
Security pie. In fairness, Anna's father and husband
had both bankrupted 1907-1909, her husband and their
provider died in 1912 and she was only forty-two
years old. Her mother Letitia was still living, thus
apt to go through much of whatever remained of
William Ford's estate after the bankruptcy. Anna and
Marjorie may have analyzed the situation and
concluded their best alternative to taking in
laundry was to find a prosperous husband for
Marjorie.
5 year old Gracie Dawson from Barrington, IL
Frances White Kercher and
Florence White
Student teacher Susie
Biegler Iroquois Theater fire victim
Other discussions you might find interesting
Story 2903
A note about sourcing. When this
project began, I failed to anticipate the day might come when a
more scholarly approach would be called for. When my
mistake was recognized I faced a decision: go back and spend years creating source lists for every page, or go
forward and try to cover more of the people and circumstances
involved in the disaster. Were I twenty years younger, I'd
have gone back, but in recognition that this project will end when I do, I chose to go forward.
These pages will provide enough information, it is hoped, to
provide subsequent researchers with additional information.
I would like to
hear from you if you have additional info about an Iroquois victim, or find an error,
and you're invited to visit the
comments page to share stories and observations about the Iroquois Theater fire.