Keyword search
(Iroquois-specific results
will appear at bottom of
search list):
Note: If this tab has been open in your browser for hours
or days, a new search may bring an access error or unproductive results. When that happens, position the cursor in the
"Enhanced by Google" search box above, then refresh your screen
(F5 on PC, Cmd-R on Apple, 3-button symbol at top right of screen on Android or iphone) and
re-enter your search words.
On December 30, 1903, Sigmund Moses Eisendrath (1860–1928) lost his wife and daughter.
Thirty-six-year-old Henrietta "Ettie" Berger Eisendrath (b. 1867) and eight-year-old Natalie H. Eisendrath (b.1895),
attended an afternoon matinee of the Mr. Bluebeard fairytale
Chicago's newest luxury playhouse, the Iroquois Theater on
Randolph St. When a stage fire spread to the auditorium,
nearly six hundred were killed, including Ettie and Natalie.
Sigmund had immigrated to America from Dorston,
Germany, in 1868 with his parents. Ettie was born in
Louisiana and Natalie in Illinois. Sigmund and Ettie
had married in 1891. Natalie was their only child. The
family lived at 4349 Forrestville Ave in Chicago and
Natalie attended the LaSalle elementary school on Hammond
and Eugenie streets.
Henrietta was Sigmund's second wife. One son resulted from his first marriage.
Ettie's body was found at
Carrol's Funeral Home and identified by Sigmund's nephew,
Jacob Leonard Eisendrath. Her uncle, Joseph A.
Berger found Natalie's body at the
Cleveland.
The funeral was held at
the North Chicago Reformed Hebrew Congregation
Temple on the corner of LaSalle and Goethe on Sun
Jan 3, 1904, and the Eisendraths were buried at
Rosehill Cemetery. The funeral service may have been
conducted by Rabbi Abram Hirschberg. Rabbi
Hirschbert eulogized the Eisendraths and other
Iroquois Theater victims in a commemorative service
held at the temple on the first anniversary after
the fire.
"If the disaster has had the effect
of arousing us permanently, so that we
will avenge all such crimes against
humanity and insist that laws shall not
be transgressed wantonly, then the
martyrs of the fire have not died in
vain but have left a
heritage to all."
The Eisendraths were active members of a Jewish community in Chicago estimated at 75,000 in 1900.
In the years after the fire
Sigmund M. Eisendrath remarried in 1919, to Tillie
Funkenstein. Sigmund was co-founder of a sheepskin tanning company, Weil
& Eisendrath, at 2231–39 Elston Ave. His partners
were his brother-in-law, Emanuel Raphael Weil, and
Samuel Weil. In August 1921, Sigmund was shot by
bandits at his plant who rode up on motorcycles. He
was wounded but survived, and the thieves got no
money.
Discrepancies and addendum
One report had Ettie and Natalie seated in the
first balcony, found dead in each other's arms,
crushed and smothered. It is unlikely the location
where they were found was known. Only two
bodies were identified at the scene, neither named Eisendrath.
If Ettie and Natalie clung to one
another in their final minutes, their limbs may have
been intertwined and their bodies left joined when
transported to the morgue, identified there by
family. (Being beneath a pile of people was, for
some, a lifesaver because the bodies on top created
a protective barrier from flames, heat and smoke. In
some locations, however, for people in the direct path of
the fireball, the heat was so intense that though
bodies on top prevented those beneath from charring,
cellular denaturing caused muscles to separate from
the bone. Torsos and limbs of those on the bottom
collapsed and were crushed beneath the weight of
those above, making separation at the scene a grisly
affair of dismembered limbs and sloughing skin that
probably gave first responders nightmares for the
rest of their lives. The slings used to carry bodies
from the theater, made of bed linens donated from
Chicago Loop department stores, had multiple
benefits. Best case, the blankets enabled a pair of
workers to more easily transport a body; worst case it helped keep a body
intact or provided a way to keep dismembered limbs
with the torso.)
A January 1904 newspaper report of the coroner's
inquest cited police officer
John B. Brady as having carried a Leonard Eisendrath of Lincoln,
Illinois, from the third floor of Northwestern
University to St. Lukes hospital, where he then
died. This was an error. Ettie and Natalie were the
only Eisendrath fatalities at the Iroquois Theater
fire. The fatality from Lincoln, Illinois was
Leander Diffenderfer,
but he was not carried into Northwestern; he
jumped into a fire net. The Eisendrath's had a nephew with
the middle name of Leonard, and he identified
Ettie's body. If his name was mentioned in the
proceedings, perhaps the newspaper confused the
names. A boy named Herbert Eisenstaedt died,
and out of respect his aunt and uncle S. H.
Eisensteadt postponed an engagement party honoring
their daughter Alice and her fiance, James Samson
Eisendrath. James was quite probably related to
Moses Eisenstaedt, but was not at the Iroquois.
The cancellation of the engagement party was
published in the Chicago newspapers.
Dr. Daniel N. Eisendrath treated
victims at John Thompson's diner next to the
Iroquois Theater. He was Natalie's first cousin once
removed. Her father, Siegmund Eisendrath, was
Daniel's first cousin. Daniel's father, Nathan
Eisendrath, was a brother of Siegmund's father,
Moses Samson Eisendrath.
DAR granddaughters escaped Iroquois Theater
Mary and Eleanora Lutiger
Elizabeth Pease died with
her mother and grandmother
Other discussions you might find interesting
Story 2681
A note about sourcing. When this
project began, I failed to anticipate the day might come when a
more scholarly approach would be called for. When my
mistake was recognized I faced a decision: go back and spend years creating source lists for every page, or go
forward and try to cover more of the people and circumstances
involved in the disaster. Were I twenty years younger, I'd
have gone back, but in recognition that this project will end when I do, I chose to go forward.
These pages will provide enough information, it is hoped, to
provide subsequent researchers with additional information.
I would like to
hear from you if you have additional info about an Iroquois victim, or find an error,
and you're invited to visit the
comments page to share stories and observations about the Iroquois Theater fire.